abbyeschmitz
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it is obvious that our winters are not like those in miami. We can have some very harsh weather and it is important to be prepared when driving from place to place in the ice and snow. To be safe, car maufacrures must consider the elements of friction. This is why many cars have for wheel drive: for better traction on the ice. A car going down the road would qualify as kinetic friction and since the ice has little friction so the nature of the ice must be balanced. Another way to prevent accidents on an icy road would be by putting salt on the road to change the nature of the ice and create a greater frictional force.
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in cheerelading the amount of force the base exerts on the flyer determines the speed of the flyer going up in the air. The momentum must be great in order for the stunt to work. The change in momentum is equal to the impulse of the flyer therefore as the flyer rises she gains momentum and at the peak of the flyers distance it comes to a complete stop in accelleration before it continues its bath back toward the bases on the ground. That decrease in momentum to 0 is the first part of the flyers path.On her way down she is increasing in momentum which makes the impulse greater. At full force she comes down on the bases arms where they must cath her to prevent her from feeling the imact of the ground. this is why bases must be strong in order to work as that protection.
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As winter becomes a more relevant topic the closer we get to the holidays more and more physics can be found in our everyday lives. For example when enjoying a fun day in the snow something I like to do is throw snowballs. A snowball is a projectile that only has gravity and air resistance acting on it. In order to throw the snowball the fastest you must take into consideration Newtond's 2nd law of motion. F=ma which is the net force is equal to the mass times accelleration. This also means thatto find acceleration you take the net force and divide it by mass. Also a factor to keep in mind is the angle at which you throw the snowball. To throw it furthest a 45 degree angle is most recomended.
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When I was a kid one of my favorite pass-times was the toy "Skip It" which consisted if a ball at the end of a rope with a ring on the other end. The ring went around your ankle and you spun it around to get it moving then as the bal came around you jumped over the rope with your other foot. The tension in the rope is what keeps the ball in its horizontal circular path. The ball wants to keep moving in a staright direction however the length of the rope wont allow it. This is the basis of horizontal motion. The game would not be over until you missed that jump and tripped on that rope stopping it from going around anymore. This reflects Newtons 1st law, an object in motion stays in motion until acted upon by an outside force.
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In cheerleading a stunt that can be done is called a basket toss. This is where the bases join there hands together to create a flat surface in which the flyer will load in and place her feet on there hands. The bases will exert a great amount of force on to the girl in order to throw her as high as possible in the air. Due to Newton's third law of motion, it is proven that the flyer exerts the same amount of force on the bases hands in the opposite direction. This explains why throwing the girl can be difficult and the bases are tired afterwards. Also in cheerleading we do many different kinds of jumps. Jumping begins with the approach and this is where a cheerleader obtains their momentum to kick their legs as high as they possibly can. It seems as if we are pushing up because that is the direction we are trying to go, however that is not the case. To go up, we push with our legs downwar against the ground and the ground pushes the same amount of force up on our feet allowing us to get off the ground.
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Cheerleading is a growing sport across the nation and although there is much contaversy on whether it should be titled as an actual sport, there is no doubt that a great deal of physics is involved within cheer. For example, a stunt known as a basket toss is where the bases throw the flyer into the air so at her highest point she can hit an aerobotic move before coming back down. To reach the highest point possible, the flyer pulls up throughout her entire body accellerating quicly while the bases push her up by bending their legs and pushing through their arms. Gravitational acceleration is created by the bases pushing the flyers body up. It is also known that when the bases throw the flyer strait up into the air the flyer will come down at the same rate for the bases to catch the body. Newtons third law about two forces having an equal magnitude in opposite directions when they interact relate to this stunt perefectly.